Lessons
Verbs: commands and orders
In imaginary life of an average orc, phrases he would hear more often are commands and orders. While dictionaries of many real-world languages have infinitives as the basic verb form, in Nûrlâm's dictionary it is the imperative to reflect that stereotype about orcs' life. You will notice that Nûrlâm's dictionary has verbs ending with hyphen. It means that verbs usually have a lot of suffixes attached to the stem, but for commands and orders you don't need them much: just use the stem (without hyphen).
Example: there's entry “gimb-” in dictionary translated with infinitives in English and Russian. To form a command “find!” you shall use just the verb stem without hyphen: “gimb!”.
New words
- bin (stand up)
- dog (kill, slay)
- duz (sit [down / up])
- gashn (say, speak, tell)
- ghâsh (burn)
- gimb (find)
- grish (cut, cleave)
- irz (run away, flee, escape)
- kât (lie down, rest)
- kin (behold, see)
- krimp (bind, tie)
- lor (sleep)
- mauk (fight)
- nâkh (bite)
- puzg (stop, halt)
- skât (come, approach, arrive)
- thrak (bring [by force], hale, drag)
- throg (give)
- throkh (eat)
- ukh (go, walk)
Using objects
For more specific commands you may want to specify objects. Nouns are not changed when used as objects.
Examples: “slay the dragon!” = “dog lûgum!”, “find seven rings!” = “gimb udug nazg!”.
Exercise 1
Translate into Nûrlâm:
- behold ten thousands warriors
- burn the tower
- bring seven rings
- cut two eyes
- fight the dragon
- find some water
- kill the elves
- say no shit
- sleep a lot
- stop the water
Exercise 2
Translate from Nûrlâm into English:
- bin agh mauk
- dog mak olog
- duz agh kât
- ghâsh za push
- krimp tarkum
- nâkh golug
- skât agh kin
- throg skri nazg
- throkh ash uruk
- ukh mak
See also
Contents
Lessons
Here is the list of lessons for studying the conlang called Nûrlâm, yet another fan dialect of Tolkien's Black Speech.
- Overview of Nûrlâm dialect
- The very basics:
- Deeper knowledge:
- Cases: essive
- Pro-forms: demonstrative
- Existential sentences
- Cases: allative and elative
- Cases: adessive and inessive
- Cases: ablative and elative
- Directions
- Cases: instrumental and comitative
- Participles
- Predicatives
- Compound verbs and infinitives
- Pro-forms: relative. Complex sentences
- Cases: intrative
- Advanced:
- Pro-forms: indefinite
- Pronouns: reflexive and reciprocal.
- Pronouns: declension in cases.
- Compound sentences. Conjunctions.
- Verbs: passive
- Gerundive
- Possession and ownership
- Impersonal sentences
- Abundance and absence
- Verbs: subjunctive mood
- Verbs: grammatical voices beyond passive
- Direct and indirect speech
- Mastering the language:
- Making new words: derivational suffixes
- Verbs: phrasal verbs, prefixes
- Affix order: nouns
- Affix order: verbs