syntax_existential
Differences
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| syntax_existential [2021/10/27 20:17] – [Negative existential clauses] morgoth | syntax_existential [2024/09/28 18:19] (current) – [Other dialects] morgoth | ||
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| | У ворот была армия | At the gates there was an army | Ash khoth kuzâ hûmumir((An army was at the gates)) | | | У ворот была армия | At the gates there was an army | Ash khoth kuzâ hûmumir((An army was at the gates)) | | ||
| | У ворот имелась армия | At the gates had self an army | Dakbrus ash khoth hûmumir((We have an army at the gates)) | | | У ворот имелась армия | At the gates had self an army | Dakbrus ash khoth hûmumir((We have an army at the gates)) | | ||
| - | | Воротам была дана армия (для охраны)((can be treated as regular clause in passive voice)) | To the gates was given an army (for guarding) | Ash khoth kuzâ throgaga | + | | Воротам была дана армия (для охраны)((can be treated as regular clause in passive voice)) | To the gates was given an army (for guarding) | Ash khoth throgâkuzâ |
| | ::: | ::: | Throguzâ ash khoth hûmumûr ((using impersonal sentence, literally: Gave an army for the gates)) | | ::: | ::: | Throguzâ ash khoth hûmumûr ((using impersonal sentence, literally: Gave an army for the gates)) | ||
| - | Moreover, Russian existential clause with the verb "to be" may express [[syntax_possession|possessive phrase]] like English " | + | Moreover, Russian existential clause with the verb "to be" may express [[syntax_possession|possessive phrase]] like English " |
| Longer sentences like examples from introduction to this article may be translated with non-standard word order which is allowed in Nûrlâm, but shifting of emphasis make the sentence less clear, as in this example " | Longer sentences like examples from introduction to this article may be translated with non-standard word order which is allowed in Nûrlâm, but shifting of emphasis make the sentence less clear, as in this example " | ||
| ^ English ^ Nûrlâm ^ | ^ English ^ Nûrlâm ^ | ||
| | Dreams about the bounty he wanted to find were slowing his work | Taurum gus raunum amash tahizuz gimbut krampuzû bultab fûrz((Dream(s)-ART.DEF about loot-ART.DEF which 3SG=want-PST find-INF make-PST-3PL work=3SG.M-GEN slow)) | | | Dreams about the bounty he wanted to find were slowing his work | Taurum gus raunum amash tahizuz gimbut krampuzû bultab fûrz((Dream(s)-ART.DEF about loot-ART.DEF which 3SG=want-PST find-INF make-PST-3PL work=3SG.M-GEN slow)) | | ||
| - | | There were dreams about the bounty he wanted to find slowing his work | Krampuzû taurum gus raunum amash tahizuz gimbut bultab fûrz((Make-PST-3PL dream(s)-ART.DEF about loot-ART.DEF which 3SG=want-PST find-INF work=3SG.M-GEN slow)) | + | | There were dreams about the bounty he wanted to find slowing his work | Krampuzû taurum gus raunum amash tahizuz gimbut bultab fûrz((Make-PST-3PL dream(s)-ART.DEF about loot-ART.DEF which 3SG=want-PST find-INF work=3SG.M-GEN slow)) |
| ===== Negative existential clauses ===== | ===== Negative existential clauses ===== | ||
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| ===== Other dialects ===== | ===== Other dialects ===== | ||
| - | Existential clauses also absent | + | Existential clauses also present |
| ^ David Salo's Black Speech ^ English ^ Nûrlâm ^ | ^ David Salo's Black Speech ^ English ^ Nûrlâm ^ | ||
| | Gû kîbum kelkum-ishi, | | Gû kîbum kelkum-ishi, | ||
| Other dialects copy English grammar in such clauses. | Other dialects copy English grammar in such clauses. | ||
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